Systematic Review of Clinical Outcome Parameters of Conservative Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the clinical outcome measures, either in separation or in conjunction with the Cobb angle, that were employed in randomized controlled trials to evaluate posture and spinal deformity. Methods: The PubMed, PEDro, OVID, and Scopus electronic databases were used to search for published articles from January 2004 to May 2024. All the searches included English language studies. Keywords were determined as "scoliosis, exercise, physical activity, brace, bracing, conservative treatment, rehabilitation, physiotherapy and physical therapy". Results: The most commonly used clinical evaluation parameters other than the Cobb angle in the studies were the ATR and surface topography measurements. The most commonly used assessment methods were POTSI asymmetry assessment performed with measurements made on photographs, the WRVAS, a deformity perception assessment evaluated with different photographs, and the SRS-22 scale, a disease-specific quality of life assessment. Conclusions: New developments in the treatment of scoliosis have brought about alternative measurement techniques that offer a more comprehensive view of patient outcomes. As a result of the review of the literature, it has emerged that radiation-free, valid, and reliable multidimensional evaluations should be performed in follow-up and treatment efficacy evaluations after initial diagnosis in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.