PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14627/8
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Article The Gut-Kidney Axis in Calcium Oxalate Nephrolithiasis: Nutritional and Microbial Insights(Kare Publ, 2026) Sener, Goksel; Marzi, Mahdi; Sener, Tarik EmreCalcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis is the most common type of kidney stone disease worldwide. Recent studies show that its development cannot be explained solely by renal solute handling; instead, it reflects a broader interaction between dietary habits, the intestinal microbiota, and host metabolic responses. Intestinal absorption of calcium and oxalate-two central drivers of lithogenesis-is shaped by both microbial composition and dietary patterns. Although Oxalobacter formigenes was initially regarded as the main oxalate-degrading organism, newer studies indicate that a wider disturbance of the gut microbiota, especially the loss of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing species, may increase susceptibility to stone formation. In this review, nutritional, microbial, and mechanistic evidence is brought together to examine how diet-particularly salt, animal protein, calcium, oxalate, fruits, vegetables, and water intake-modulates the gut-kidney axis. Diets high in salt or animal protein tend to shift the microbiota toward more pro-inflammatory and acidogenic profiles, while fiber-rich, plant-based diets and adequate hydration appear to support microbial diversity, SCFA production, and epithelial barrier integrity. Probiotic and synbiotic interventions have also gained attention as potential strategies to reduce stone recurrence by targeting gut microbial function. Taken together, current findings suggest that the gut-kidney axis is a dynamic metabolic link between diet, microbial ecology, and renal physiology. Future studies combining multi-omics methods with personalized nutritional approaches may help develop more effective microbiota-based prevention and treatment strategies for CaOx nephrolithiasis.Article The Impact of Home-Based Telerehabilitation Pranayama on Sleep Quality and Wellbeing in Mild to Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. A Randomized Controlled Trial(BMC, 2026) Mustafaoğlu, Rüstem; Naci, Baha; Demir, Rengin; Önder, Ömer Önder; Atahan, Ersan; Kaçar Akkoç, ZeynepBackground Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disorder that causes repeated airway obstruction, disrupted breathing, and fragmented sleep. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Pranayama on sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, quality of life, fatigue, depression, and anxiety in patients with OSAS. Methods This study was designed as an open-label, prospective, randomized controlled trial. OSAS patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either an Intervention group or a Control group. Pranayama training was applied to the Intervention group for 8 weeks, 7 days a week, and 3 times a day for 15 min. In addition, a single 15-minute session, 3 days a week, was conducted online under the supervision of a physiotherapist. The control group did not receive any intervention. Primary outcome was sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQ). Secondary outcomes included daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, ESS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). All outcome measures were assessed at baseline and reassessed after the 8-week intervention period. Results Thirty-eight OSAS patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either an Intervention group 6n = 19 ) or a Control group (n = 19) Four participants (two in each group) were lost to follow-up, leaving the data of participants (17 per group) available for inclusion in the final analysis. In the intervention group, PSQI scores decreased from 9.12 +4.71 to 6.88 +/- 4.45 (p < 0.001) whereas no improvement was observed in the control group. Regarding the primary outcome, the reduction in PSQI scores was significantly greater in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.001) The ESS scores also decreased significantly in the intervention group, from 9.41 +/- 6.15 to 7.41 +/- 6.18 6p = 0.006 with a significant between-group difference (p < 0.001) Fatigue severity decreased in the intervention group (FSS change: 0.53 +/- 0.70; p = 0.006 ), with a significant between-group difference 6p = 0.037 The FOSQ score improved markedly, with significant gains in FOSQ total score (-0.38 +/- 0.25 vs. 0.14 +/- 0.22 in controls; p < 0.001) and in activity level and vigilance subdomains (both p < 0.001). The HADS-anxiety scores decreased by 1.94 +/- 3.94 (p = 0.059) and depression scores by 3.06 +/- 2.05 (p < 0.001) in the intervention group, with significant between-group differences for both anxiety (p = 0.008) and depression (p < 0.001). Conclusion Pranayama was an effective adjunct therapy for these OSAS patients, and incorporating it into treatment strategies may enhance patient outcomes. Clinical trial registration number/date NCT04632147/22.10.2020.Article Short-Term Effects of Targeted Movement Training on Gait Kinematics in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Motion Analysis Study(MDPI, 2026) Argunsah, Hande; Dönmez, İrem; Ayaz, Nuray Aktay; Yekdaneh, Asena; Albayrak, Asya; Arman, Nilay; Aktay Ayaz, Nuray; Özbal, SibelBackground: Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) exhibit gait abnormalities, postural instability, and compensatory movement strategies due to joint pain, inflammation, and reduced neuromuscular control. These alterations negatively affect functional mobility and movement efficiency. Although gait retraining is commonly recommended in rehabilitation, objective evidence on its short-term biomechanical effects remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the immediate impact of a single-session standardized movement training intervention on gait biomechanics in children with JIA. Methods: Seventeen children with JIA underwent pre-post gait assessments using the Xsens MVN Awinda wearable motion capture system. The intervention focused on step symmetry, stride length, heel-toe progression, and upright trunk posture, delivered by an experienced physiotherapist following a standardized protocol. Scalar kinematic outcomes were analyzed using paired statistical tests, and time-normalized kinematic waveforms were compared with healthy reference data from 25 age-matched participants derived from the COMPWALK-ACL dataset. Results: Significant improvements were observed in multiple gait parameters following the intervention. Trunk lateral lean decreased significantly (p = 0.0002; d = -1.35), indicating enhanced postural stability. Significant changes were also found in ankle dorsiflexion-plantarflexion (p = 0.0081; d = 0.83) and knee flexion-extension (p = 0.0252; d = 0.68). Waveform analyses showed increased similarity to healthy patterns, particularly in trunk and knee kinematics. Spatiotemporal parameters reflected a slower, more controlled gait pattern, with increased stride time and stance duration. Conclusions: A single session of standardized movement training can produce immediate improvements in gait biomechanics in children with JIA, especially in trunk control and lower-limb kinematics. Wearable motion analysis provides a sensitive tool for detecting these short-term adaptations and supports the inclusion of structured movement training in pediatric JIA rehabilitation.Article Article The Effect of Preoperative Melatonin Patches on Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Urological Surgery(Assoc Medica Brasileira, 2026) Akok, Selin Ayten; Akinci, Naile; Toprak, ÇağlaOBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of transdermal melatonin patches on sleep quality in patients undergoing urological surgery. METHODS: This study is a randomized controlled trial. Fifty-seven patients hospitalized in the urology department of a university hospital in Istanbul were included. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups (melatonin and control). Patients in the melatonin group received transdermal melatonin containing 7 mg of melatonin at 11:00 PM in a quiet, darkened room the night before surgery. RESULTS: According to the results of this study, Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale sleep-quality scores increased significantly in the melatonin group (p<0.001). The control group showed lower sleep-quality scores. In addition, a statistically significant decrease was observed between the visual analog scale well-being scores before and after the application in the melatonin group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In this study, our results showed that melatonin patches improved sleep quality and psychological well-being in patients undergoing urological surgery.Article Statistical Analyses of Morphological Variations of Three Larroussius (Diptera: Psychodidae) Sister Species Collected in Leishmaniasis Endemic Foci of Adana in Turkiye(Wiley, 2026) Kavur, Hakan; Uckayabasi, Hale Oksuz; Alptekin, DavutSand flies are arthropod vectors responsible for transmitting Leishmania parasites to humans. Among them, Phlebotomus (P.) major, P. syriacus and P. neglectus are closely related sister species that play an important role in disease transmission in Türkiye. This study aimed to statistically analyse the morphological measurements of these three species and to identify reliable diagnostic characters. Seven morphometric traits were measured in both female and male specimens. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance (ANOVA), discriminant function analysis (DFA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were performed to determine significant variables contributing to species differentiation. A total of 1729 sand flies were collected, comprising P. tobbi (44.58%), P. papatasi (21.26%), P. similis (20.30%), P. neglectus (8.50%), P. major (2.88%), P. syriacus (2.19%) and Sergentomyia (S.) fallax (0.27%). The female-to-male ratio was 1.42. ANOVA revealed significant interspecific differences (p < 0.001) in antennal, pharyngeal and genital characters. In females, P. neglectus exhibited shorter antennal segments A3 and A4 + A5, P. syriacus had the shortest pharynx (PHX), and P. major showed the longest epipharynx (EPI). In males, P. major had the longest coxite (CX), whereas P. neglectus displayed the shortest second style segment (S2) (p < 0.05). DFA confirmed clear species separation, with antennal and pharyngeal traits primarily driving differentiation in females, and genital characters being most informative in males. PCA explained 78.37% and 90.24% of the total morphometric variation in females and males, respectively, highlighting sex-specific patterns of morphological variation. Overall, these statistically supported morphometric differences provide robust diagnostic features that can complement molecular approaches, improving species identification and enhancing taxonomic resolution in sand fly vector studies.Article Protective Effects of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG Against Methotrexate-Induced Oxidative Renal Toxicity(Springer, 2026) Yanardag, Refiye; Bayrak, Bertan Boran; Sener, Goksel; Almurad, Bade; Donmez, Muhammet OguzhanMethotrexate (MTX) is commonly prescribed for various malignant and autoimmune conditions, but it can cause significant oxidative and functional impairment in renal tissue. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. (LGG) is a well-known probiotic with biological activities that support antioxidant balance. This study investigated the impact of LGG on MTX-induced kidney damage. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: physiological saline-treated control group; a group receiving MTX alone; a group receiving MTX alongside a low dose of LGG; and a group receiving MTX alongside a high dose of LGG. MTX was administered as single dose (20 mg/kg/bw) intraperitoneally and LGG (low dose 1 x 10(9) CFU/day and high dose 5 & times; 10(9) CFU/day, respectively) orally for five days. On day six, blood and kidney samples were collected and examined for oxidative indicators, enzymatic antioxidant responses, and renal functional markers. MTX significantly increased in glomerular filtration markers in serum and elevated key indicators of oxidative stress in renal tissues. More so, MTX demonstrated to disrupt renal ionic homeostasis, such as declined sodium/potassium-ATPase, paraoxonase, and increased lactate dehydrogenase, carbonic anhydrase, xanthine oxidase, myeloperoxidase, and arginase activities. In contrast, LGG supplementation has been shown to effectively reverse all MTX-induced biochemical alterations in both serum and renal tissue. We can suggest that LGG can provide significant protection against oxidative renal toxicity induced by MTX in rats.Article Oral Antipyretics for Fatigue Alleviation and Exercise Enhancement in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(Springer-Verlag Italia SRL, 2026) Hamdy, Ahmed Mohamed; Elmandrawi, Sara Wael; Ibrahim, Ismail A.; Shehata, Mazen Momtaz; Raza, Muhammad Liaquat; Elemam, Ahmed Mahmoud Elsayed; Elewa, MandyAims This review aims to explore the potential role of oral antipyretics (aspirin (ASA)/ acetaminophen), commonly known for fever and pain control, in managing fatigue, temperature regulation, and exercise capacity in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), with a focus on nursing implications for symptom management. Design A systematic review of existing clinical studies assessing the effects of aspirin/ acetaminophen on MS-related fatigue, thermoregulation, and exercise performance. Data sources Electronic databases including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Wiley, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to March 2024. Review methods Quality assessment was conducted using the Cochrane risk of bias tool 2. to evaluate the methodological rigor of included studies. Outcomes analyzed included clinically assessed fatigue scores, exercise endurance, and postexercise thermoregulation, with attention to potential risks associated with aspirin use. Results After assessment of 57 reports for eligibility, only seven studies met inclusion criteria; results indicated that aspirin pretreatment significantly improved Time to Exhaustion (TTE) in heat-sensitive MS patients (p = 0.013), though one study reported no significant effect. Aspirin reduced post-exercise temperature rise by 56%, but this was not statistically significant in one trial (p = 0.178), while another showed significant reductions (p = 0.002). Conclusion Aspirin and acetaminophen may offer benefits in alleviating fatigue, enhancing thermoregulation, and improving exercise endurance in MS patients. These findings suggest that nurses should consider the potential role of aspirin in symptom management, with further research needed to confirm efficacy and safety. Impact This review highlights a potential adjunct therapy for nurses to incorporate into comprehensive MS care, emphasizing symptom control and quality of life improvements.Article Protective Effects of L-Theanine against Bisphenol A-Induced Oxidative Stress and Gut Microbiota Disruption in Wistar Rats(Springer, 2026) Sener, Azize; Marzi, Mahdi; Sener, Goksel; Donmez, Muhammet OguzhanBackground Gut microbiota homeostasis plays a central role in maintaining intestinal redox balance and immune regulation. Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely distributed environmental contaminant, has been associated with oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and disturbances in intestinal microbial communities. L-theanine (LTN), a bioactive amino acid naturally present in green tea, possesses well-documented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; however, its potential protective role against BPA-induced intestinal injury has not been fully clarified. Methods and Results In the present study, female Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated into three groups: control, BPA (50 mg/kg/day), and BPA + LTN (100 mg/kg/day) and treated for 30 days. Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in intestinal and colonic tissues were assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase (CAT) activities. BPA exposure significantly increased MDA (p < 0.001) level and MPO (p < 0.001) activity while reducing GSH content (p < 0.001) and CAT activity (p < 0.001) compared with the control group. Compared to the BPA group, LTN treatment led to significant changes in MDA, MPO, and GSH levels in both tissues. MDA and MPO levels were significantly reduced in the intestine and colon tissues of the BPA + LTN group (p < 0.001). GSH and CAT levels were significantly increased in both the intestine and colon compared to the BPA group (p < 0.001). In addition, fecal microbiota composition was analyzed using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, with taxonomic profiling performed at the phylum, genus and species levels. BPA exposure was associated with reduced microbial stability and compositional shifts within the gut microbiota, whereas LTN treatment partially restored microbial richness and community structure. Conclusions Collectively, these findings indicate that LTN alleviates BPA-induced intestinal oxidative stress and microbiota dysbiosis, suggesting its potential as a protective dietary compound against environmental toxicant-related intestinal injury.Article Modulation of Brain Antioxidant Defense, Inflammation, and SIRT1 Activity by a Sunflower Oil-Based High-Fat Diet: Protective Role of L-Arginine in Rats(Springer, 2026) Şekerler, Turgut; Şener, Azize; Çavuşoğlu, Nuray; Doğan, ÖzgeBackgroundChronic consumption of omega-6-enriched dietary fat may disturb brain redox balance and neuroinflammatory homeostasis. Among the sirtuins, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) exerts critical neuroprotective functions by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling; however, the impact of sunflower oil-based high-fat diets (SO-HFD) on brain SIRT1 activity has not been investigated.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effects of SO-HFD on oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory markers, and SIRT1 activity in rat brain tissue, and to evaluate the potential modulatory role of L-arginine supplementation.MethodsFour-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into three groups: control, SO-HFD, and SO-HFD + L-arginine. Both SO-HFD groups were fed a diet containing sunflower oil for 16 weeks; from week 10 onward, 1.5% L-arginine was supplemented in the drinking water of the SO-HFD + L-arginine group. Following the 16-week protocol, serum and brain specimens were collected. Serum biochemical parameters and adiponectin were quantified; brain homogenates were assayed for lipid peroxidation (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), protein thiols (protein-SH), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels, and SIRT1 activity.ResultsAlthough brain MDA levels were not significantly elevated, SO-HFD animals exhibited reduced GSH and protein-SH content together with diminished SIRT1 activity. The SO-HFD increased TNF-alpha and NO levels. L-arginine supplementation decreased MDA and increased GSH, protein-SH, and SIRT1 activity. L-arginine also suppressed TNF-alpha levels in brain tissue compared to the SO-HFD group. NO levels in the SO-HFD + L-arginine group were lower than in the SO-HFD group, though not significantly.ConclusionThese findings suggest that chronic exposure to an omega-6-dominant dietary environment disturbs redox regulation and inflammatory balance in brain tissue, accompanied by reduced SIRT1 activity. L-arginine may attenuate cerebral oxidative stress and neuroinflammation by reinforcing endogenous antioxidant mechanisms, highlighting its potential as a nutritional strategy against SO-HFD-induced brain oxidative stress.