Investigation of the Effects of Carvacrol on Cognitive Functions in Postmenopausal Hypertensive Rats

Abstract

daily lives because of old age or geriatric disease were used for analysis.The subject was dementia patients aged 65 years or older who were approved for LTCI institutional care benefits from 2002 to 2017.When subjects used institutional care less than 90 days or less than 70% of the overall long-term care period, they were excluded.We compared the difference in psychotropic drug use, mortality, and morbidity (hip/spine fracture and cerebrovascular disease) between patients living in long-term care facilities and those not living in long-term care facilities using the Chi-square test.To examine the effect of psychotropic use on mortality and morbidity in patients with dementia, we applied time-dependent Cox regression model.The dependent variable was the occurrence of death, hip/spine fracture, and cerebrovascular disease.The Cox regression model was adjusted for potential confounding factors such as long-term care facilities use, age, gender, disability, and comorbidity index.All statistical analysis was performed using SAS for Windows 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc).Results: Of the total 141,552 subjects, 90,110 lived in long-term care facilities, and 51,442 did not.The frequency of prescriptions for antipsychotics (44.7% vs 20.0%, p<0.0001), hypnotics (51.2% vs 32.5%, p<0.0001), and antidepressants (25.6% vs 18.3%, p<0.0001) was higher for subjects living in long-term care facilities, compared to those not living in long-term care facilities.Prescribing psychotropic drugs was associated with a higher risk for mortality (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.81 (95% confidence interval 1.79~1.84)and morbidity of cerebrovascular disease (HR 1.31 (1.26~1.36))and hip/spine fractures (HR 1.17 (1.14~1.20).Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that dementia patients in long-term care facilities used more psychotropic drugs in South Korea.The positive relationship between the use of psychotropic drugs and the likelihood of mortality and morbidity suggests that psychotropic drugs should be used with caution in dementia patients.References