Investigating the Impact of Various Insole Applications on Balance and Postural Stability in the Elderly

Abstract

Objectives: Aging leads to physical and cognitive declines, notably affecting balance and motor skills, making falls a prevalent health concern among the elderly. Falls, a significant health issue among the elderly, often stem from these impairments. This study aims to investigate the impact of different insole materials, specifically cork and silicone, on balance and postural stability in the elderly. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Istanbul Barinyurt Elderly Care Center with 24 participants, divided into two groups to test cork and silicone insoles. Balance parameters, plantar pressure, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test were used as measures. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests. Results: Post-intervention, the cork insole group showed significant improvements in balance, maximum plantar pressure, and functional mobility tests compared to the silicone insole group. While both insoles enhanced certain balance parameters and walking performance, cork insoles proved more effective in key outcomes. Additionally, maximum plantar pressure for the cork insoles group decreased significantly, indicating better pressure distribution and potentially enhanced balance. Conclusion: Cork insoles are superior to silicone insoles in improving balance and postural stability among the elderly. This study supports using cork insoles as part of fall prevention strategies, emphasizing the importance of material properties in orthopedic insole design. Future research should explore long-term effects and integrate insoles with other postural stability methods for comprehensive elderly care.