The Role of the Paper Packaging Industry in the Circular Economy

Abstract

The circular economy movement has paved the way for the sustainable supply chains with its nature-friendly structure via recycling and repeated use of products. Hence, this study aims to determine the factors affecting the paper packaging industry in the circular economy in order to provide a conceptual model of the cause-and-effect relationships through neutrosophic cognitive mapping. Paper packaging machinery manufacturer Windmöller & Hölscher's representatives have been in-depth interviewed to gather their opinions. Since there are some relations that cannot be determined (i.e., existence of indeterminacy), neutrosophy became a necessity in this chapter. Delphi technique is implemented to obtain a single neutrosophic adjacency matrix. As a result, the sustainable supply chain structure based on environmental awareness and recycling has been modeled visually, and the causal relationships were determined.